{"id":8028,"date":"2026-07-14T11:32:50","date_gmt":"2026-07-14T11:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecotop.org\/?p=8028"},"modified":"2026-07-14T11:32:50","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T11:32:50","slug":"les-rendements-competitifs-obtenus-dans-les-systemes-de-culture-du-cacao-biologique-et-agroforestier-sont-le-resultat-dun-essai-comparatif-a-long-terme-mene-pendant-15-ans-en-bolivie-portant-sur-di","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecotop.org\/fr\/les-rendements-competitifs-obtenus-dans-les-systemes-de-culture-du-cacao-biologique-et-agroforestier-sont-le-resultat-dun-essai-comparatif-a-long-terme-mene-pendant-15-ans-en-bolivie-portant-sur-di\/","title":{"rendered":"Rendements comp\u00e9titifs dans les syst\u00e8mes de culture du cacao biologique et agroforestier : r\u00e9sultats d'un essai comparatif \u00e0 long terme men\u00e9 pendant 15 ans en Bolivie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La production de cacao est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 des d\u00e9fis li\u00e9s \u00e0 une faible productivit\u00e9, due \u00e0 la faible fertilit\u00e9 des sols et au changement climatique. L\u2019agroforesterie et l\u2019agriculture biologique constituent des alternatives potentiellement durables et r\u00e9silientes face au changement climatique, mais elles sont souvent associ\u00e9es \u00e0 des rendements inf\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 ceux des monocultures et de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle. Malgr\u00e9 leur potentiel, les donn\u00e9es empiriques sur la productivit\u00e9 \u00e0 long terme du cacao cultiv\u00e9 dans des syst\u00e8mes agroforestiers complexes et en agriculture biologique restent limit\u00e9es. Il est essentiel d\u2019\u00e9largir cette base de donn\u00e9es pour \u00e9clairer l\u2019\u00e9laboration de pratiques et de politiques agricoles favorisant la durabilit\u00e9 environnementale et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire. Afin de combler cette lacune, nous pr\u00e9sentons 15 ans (2008\u20132022) de donn\u00e9es sur la production de cacao et des cultures associ\u00e9es, issues d\u2019un essai \u00e0 long terme unique en son genre comparant cinq syst\u00e8mes de culture du cacao en Bolivie : des monocultures g\u00e9r\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re biologique et conventionnelle, divers syst\u00e8mes agroforestiers sous gestion biologique et conventionnelle, ainsi que des syst\u00e8mes agroforestiers successifs sans intrants externes. Nous avons recueilli des donn\u00e9es sur les rendements ainsi que des informations d\u00e9taill\u00e9es sur la conception et la gestion agronomique d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de l\u2019essai. Tous les syst\u00e8mes ont atteint des rendements en cacao comp\u00e9titifs en phase de maturit\u00e9. Les syst\u00e8mes biologiques et conventionnels ont affich\u00e9 des rendements en cacao similaires, tandis que les syst\u00e8mes agroforestiers ont atteint 56% des rendements des monocultures. Les rendements globaux des syst\u00e8mes agroforestiers \u00e9taient jusqu\u2019\u00e0 6,9 fois sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 ceux des monocultures. Dans le syst\u00e8me agroforestier successif, 22 cultures ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9colt\u00e9es, les cultures \u00e0 cycle de vie court repr\u00e9sentant un tiers de la production totale. Cette \u00e9tude montre que les cultures vivri\u00e8res de base et les arbres fruitiers, ainsi que les cultures \u00e0 forte valeur ajout\u00e9e (caf\u00e9, gingembre, curcuma), peuvent \u00eatre associ\u00e9s avec succ\u00e8s au cacao, et que les mod\u00e8les agroforestiers peuvent \u00eatre adapt\u00e9s au fil du temps en ajoutant ou en supprimant des cultures afin de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 de nouveaux objectifs ou \u00e0 des opportunit\u00e9s de march\u00e9. De nombreuses recherches ont mis en \u00e9vidence les contributions positives de l\u2019agroforesterie et de l\u2019agriculture biologique \u00e0 la fourniture de services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques. Cette \u00e9tude apporte des preuves empiriques qu\u2019il est possible de concevoir et de mettre en \u0153uvre des syst\u00e8mes conciliant durabilit\u00e9 environnementale et performance productive<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cacao production is facing challenges of low productivity due to low soil fertility and climate change. Agroforestry and organic farming are potential sustainable and climate-resilient alternatives, but they are often [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8029,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[250,280,277,268,272,275,281,278,274,279,273,276],"class_list":["post-8028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publications","tag-cacao-agroforestry","tag-cacao-yield-gap","tag-crop-diversification","tag-food-security-and-sovereignty","tag-long-term-systems-comparison","tag-monoculture-vs-agroforestry","tag-organic-vs-conventional-farming","tag-shade-tree-management","tag-successional-agroforestry","tag-sustainable-cacao-farming","tag-syscom-trial","tag-total-system-yield"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ 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