This study compares cocoa monocultures and agroforestry systems under organic and conventional management over a decade in Bolivia. The findings reveal that while monocultures excel in cocoa-specific yields, agroforestry systems produce significantly more total food and provide greater nutritional quality, feeding more people per hectare and working hour. Agroforestry systems also require less non-renewable energy and offer better energy efficiency. For smallholder farmers, integrating crops like bananas and plantains with cocoa can diversify income, enhance sustainability, and reduce dependency on external inputs. These results emphasize the value of diversified farming practices for improving food security and productivity while preserving ecosystems.